hyoid bone
The hyoglossus muscles originate on each side from the whole length of the greater cornua and also from the body of the hyoid. They are inserted into the posterior half or more of the sides of the tongue.
What is deep to hyoglossus muscle?
Structures that are medial/deep to the hyoglossus are the glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve 9), the stylohyoid ligament and the lingual artery and lingual vein. The lingual vein passes medial to the hyoglossus, and the lingual artery passes deep to the hyoglossus.
What does hyoglossus mean?
[ hī′ō-glŏs′əs ] n. A muscle with origin from the hyoid bone, with insertion to the side of the tongue, with nerve supply from the hypoglossal nerve, and whose action retracts and pulls down the side of the tongue.
What is a lingual muscle?
Muscles. The tongue’s intrinsic muscles include the following: The superior longitudinal lingual muscle, which shortens the tongue and curls it upward. The inferior longitudinal lingual muscle, which shortens the tongue and curls it downward. The transverse lingual muscle, which elongates and narrows the tongue.
What nerve Innervates the hyoglossus muscle?
The hypoglossal nerve enables tongue movement. It controls the hyoglossus, intrinsic, genioglossus and styloglossus muscles.
Does the hyoglossus elevate the larynx?
These muscles attach to the superior aspect of the hyoid bone, and their main combined function is to elevate the hyoid and larynx and move them superiorly and anteriorly.
Is hyoglossus a Suprahyoid muscle?
Some literature includes the hyoglossus muscle as part of the suprahyoid muscles; however, in most bibliographies, it is treated as an extrinsic tongue muscle, since it does not insert into any upper bone structure as do the rest of the suprahyoid muscles.
What does the palatoglossus do?
The palatoglossus muscle functions to elevate the posterior portion of the tongue. It also draws the soft palate inferiorly, thereby narrowing the diameter of the oropharyngeal isthmus.
What does CN 9 do?
The glossopharyngeal nerve is the ninth set of 12 cranial nerves (CN IX). It provides motor, parasympathetic and sensory information to your mouth and throat. Among its many functions, the nerve helps raise part of your throat, enabling swallowing.
Where is the genioglossus muscle located?
The genioglossus muscle is attached to the lingual surface of the mandible at the geniotubercle and also to the hyoid complex just above the larynx. Movement forward of either or both of these anatomic structures stabilizes the tongue base along with the associated pharyngeal dilatators.
What is the Stylohyoid muscle?
The stylohyoid muscle (musculus stylohyoideus in Latin) is one of the suprahyoid muscles of the neck that stretches between the base of the skull and the hyoid bone. The stylohyoid is paired and narrow muscle in close proximity to the digastric muscle, extending along the superior border of its posterior belly.
Where is Digastric triangle?
The digastric triangle is one of the paired triangles in the anterior triangle of the neck. The triangles of the neck are surgically focused, first described from early dissection-based anatomical studies which predated cross-sectional anatomical description based on imaging (see deep spaces of the neck).
What is the function of tongue?
The tongue (L. lingua; G. glossa) functions as a digestive organ by facilitating the movement of food during mastication and assisting swallowing. Other important functions include speech and taste.
Which muscles elevate the tongue?
Styloglossus: originates at styloid process and temporal bone and inserts into side of tongue. It retracts and elevates the tongue.
How is tongue attached?
The tongue is anchored to the mouth by webs of tough tissue and mucosa. The tether holding down the front of the tongue is called the frenum. In the back of the mouth, the tongue is anchored into the hyoid bone. The tongue is vital for chewing and swallowing food, as well as for speech.
Where does the trigeminal nerve innervate?
The trigeminal nerve is the fifth cranial nerve (CN V). Its primary function is to provide sensory and motor innervation to the face. The trigeminal nerve consists of three branches on either side that extend to different territories of the face.
Which nerve is responsible for taste?
The glossopharyngeal (IX) is the most important nerve for the sense of taste. It provides sensory innervation to the base of the tongue and both motor and sensory innervation to part of the pharynx.
What causes uvula deviation?
High vagal lesions also cause deviation of the uvula to the contralateral side due to intact palatal muscle pull, and a palatal droop on the ipsilateral side of the lesion (Figure 2). Historically, the position of the paralyzed vocal fold has been described as either “paramedian” or “cadaveric”.
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